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Air Ministry Orders relating to Aircraft, MT, Marine Craft and Equipment Markings 1918 - 1941


[Aircraft | MT Vehicles | Marine Craft | Equipment]

Aircraft (Also see the section on Badges in the Public area)

AMWO 895/24 (18 December 1924)

Distinguishing Marks on Aircraft

  1. The standardisation of squadron and flight marking on aircraft is under consideration and orders will be issued in due course.

  2. Pending a decision on this subject, any squadron which has adopted a system may be permitted to retain the distinguishing mark providing it does not obscure the national marking and is approved by the AOC.

  3. Flight Markings - It has been decided that a distinguishing mark shall be adopted in respect of flights of each squadron by painting wheel discs of the aircraft as indicated below.  These markings will be taken into use forthwith.

    • 'A' Flight - red

    • 'B' Flight - yellow

    • 'C' Flight - blue

  4. In no circumstances will radiators, spinners or other parts of aircraft be painted in any but their original colour, nor will mottoes, badges or other devices be painted on aircraft.


AMWO 501/1926 (17 March 1926)

Identification Marks on Aircraft

  1. In order to facilitate the Identification of individual aircraft while in flight, it has been decided that the respective letters and numbers of aircraft shall be painted as large as possible on the under-aide of the lower planes.

  2. The method of marking will be similar to that which now applies to the Avro 504K and which is as follows -

    1. The first letter or number commences one foot from the outer edge of the identification circle.

    2. Letters and numbers are placed centrally along the under-side of the planes.

    3. Those on the port wing are painted in the reverse way from those on the starboard wing so as to facilitate reading from two directions.

    4. Height of letters and. figures          - 2 ft 6 in.
      Width of letters and figures           - 1 ft 0in.
      Space between letters and figures - 6 in.
      Width of marking                         - 4 in

  3. This method will be the basis of all markings, and aircraft should be marked with letters and figures of an proportionate size.  Black paint will be used on aluminium dope, and white paint on dark green dope.

  4. (i) The provisions of this order will apply to all aircraft at home, with the exception of those of the Fleet Air Arm, and arrangements should be made for the necessary markings to be carried out as early as possible.
    (ii) As regards aircraft in overseas commands, application of the order will be left to the discretion of the respective AOCs.


AMWO 349/1930 (28 August 1930)

Identification of Aircraft - Alterations to Rudder Markings

  1. To distinguish RAF aeroplanes more readily from those of other countries it has been decided to alter the rudder markings.

  2. On all future aircraft delivered from contractors, the rudder markings will be painted in accordance with the following colour scheme :- The parts of the rudder and tail fins which lie behind the rudder post will be painted in equal vertical stripes, a red stripe next to the rudder past, a blue stripe at the trailing edge, and a white stripe between, the total Width covering the rudder.

  3. A similar alteration is to be carried out by RAF units to all aeroplanes on their charge. This will involve the reversal of the colours at present on the rudders, and for this purpose the following materials are to be used :-

    Stores Ref Nomenclature
      Colours, identification :-
    33B/3 Blue, bright
    33B/4 Red, bright
      Coverings, dope :-
    33B/26

    Transparent.

    The colour, identification, red, may be applied over the present blue marking and the blue over the present red marking. in each instance two coats will be required. The process is to be completed by the application of one coat of covering, dope, transparent.

  4. Units are to carry out the alteration to the rudder markings on aeroplanes on their charge at the earliest convenient opportunity, but, to secure uniformity, all aeroplanes are to have the new markings incorporated not later than 31st October, 1930.

  5. The necessary amendments to the following Air Publications will be made in due course -

    1. KR & ACI (AP 968), Chapter XII, Section XI, para. 796, sub-para. (a) (ii).

    2. The RAF Pocket Book (AP 1081), Chapter 10, para. 33,


AMO E63/1930 (29 January 1931)

Identification Marks on Aeroplanes

  1. In order to facilitate the identification of individual aircraft while in flight, it has been decided that the respective letters and numbers of aircraft shall be painted as large as possible on the under side of the lower planes

  2. The method of marking will be similar to that which now applies to the Avro 504N and which is as follows -

    1. The first letter or number commences one foot from the outer edge of the identification circle.

    2. Letters and numbers are placed centrally along the under-side of the planes.

    3. Those on the port wing are painted in the reverse way to those on the starboard wing so as to facilitate reading from two directions.

    4. Height of letters and. figures          - 2 ft 6 in.
      Width of letters and figures           - 1 ft 6in.
      Space between letters and figures - 6 in.
      Width of marking                         - 4 in

  3. This method will be the basis of all markings, and aircraft should be marked with letters and figures of an proportionate size.  Black paint will be used.

  4. (i) The provisions of this order will apply to all aircraft at home, with the exception of those of the Fleet Air Arm, and arrangements should be made for the necessary markings to be carried out as early as possible.
    (ii) As regards aircraft in overseas commands, application of the order will be left to the discretion of the respective AOCs.

(AMWO 171/1927 cancelled.)


MT Vehicles

AMWO 290/1920 (25 March 1920)

Markings of MT Vehicles

Images 448-49


AMO A364/1937 (4 November 1937)

Colour of RAF Vehicles

  1. Blue-grey has been adopted as the colour for RAF mechanical transport vehicles except as detailed below: -

    1. Ambulances in use in overseas commands are to be painted white.

    2. Vehicles (other than ambulances) in use in Iraq are to be painted khaki.

    3.  Armoured cars, armoured tenders and W/T tenders in use with armoured cars are to be painted khaki.

    (Note - The change of colour is only to be effected when the vehicles are required for operations or when repainting becomes necessary.)

  2. Any vehicles which are not excepted as above and are not of the prescribed colour are to be painted blue-grey when repainting becomes necessary.

Amended by AMO A100/1938 dated 17 March 1938


AMO A284/1938 (29 July 1938)

Staff Cars - Flying of Distinguishing Flags by Air and other Officers Commanding

  1. In future distinguishing flags in miniature will be flown by air or other officers commanding when travelling on duty in service motor cars, and, at their discretion, on other occasions when the circumstances are appropriate.

  2. The flags are to be flown from a flagstaff mounted on the offside front wing to the rear of the wing lamp.  Waterproof covers will be provided for use with the flags.

  3. The following items are hereby introduced for the use of air officers commanding and are available at "B" Maintenance Unit: -

    Store ref Nomenclature Detail Class of Stores
      Flags, Officers, Miniature For use on staff cars  
    4B/555 Marshal of the Royal Air Force   B
    4B/556 Air Chef Marshal   B
    4B/557 Air Marshal   B
    4B/558 Air Vice Marshal   B
    4B/559 Air Commodore   B
    4B/560 Staffs, flag For use with Flags, Officers', Miniature, on staff cars.  
    4B/561 covers, waterproof For use with Flags, Officers', Miniature, on staff cars. B

     

  4. Miniature flags for the use of other officers commanding will be introduced at a later date.

  5. KR & ACI and AP 1086 will be amended in due course.


AMO A391/1938 (13 October 1938)

Markings of MT Vehicles

To avoid the possbi1ity of aeroplane tanks being tilled with the incorrect grade of fuel at stations where more than one grade of fuel is stored and used, each mobile tanker is to be used exclusively for one grade of fuel.  All mobile tankers are to be painted on each side with a white circle (approximately 18 in. in diameter) inscribed with the short designation of the grade of fuel carried, e.g. "224", "236" or "100 Oct".


AMO A731/1940 (3 October 1940)

Maintenance of Aerodromes - Marking the Position of Tractors and Other Machinery

  1. At home stations all Works Directorate tractors and machinery likely to be employed on landing grounds are to be painted bright orange.  At stations abroad they are to be painted a distinctive colour, to be decided by the AOC, in vivid contrast to the prevalent colouring of the landing grounds.

  2. In the event of other service or contractor-owned tractors and machinery being employed on landing grounds where the landing of aircraft is permitted, if the machinery is not already painted as in para 1, the prime mover is to have a white cover placed over the bonnet.

  3. A double disc signal as shown in the accompanying sketch is to be carried by all prime movers coming within the scope of paras 1 and 2.  The signal is to be supported on a mast fitted to the vehicle.  Where possible, the mast is to be sufficiently high to be seen by pilots from any part of the aerodrome.  Where this is not possible, the signal is to be carried at the maximum height compatible with safety.  All signals are to be painted the appropriate colour as detailed in para. 1.

     

  4. Normally, tractors and other machinery are not employed on landing grounds during flying operations but it is not always practicable to avoid their use an such occasions, especially under present conditions. Moreover, it, should be specially noted that in some instances the rise and fall of the ground are so considerable that even when the signal is carried at the maximum height possible, it cannot be seen from all points of the landing ground.  When, therefore, aircraft are taking off or landing, pilots should exercise special care on landing grounds with undulating surfaces.

  5. The signals will be provided by the Works Directorate; but it is the responsibility of the station commander to ensure that the provisions of this order are complied with and, if any difficulty is experienced to report the circumstances to the superintending engineer of the area concerned.

  6. The above provisions relate to signals to be displayed an vehicles, but Station commanders are reminded also of the necessity for the display of the appropriate ground signal in the signal areas on the aerodrome. (See Appendix I (iv) of AMO A214/38.)
     

(This AMO cancelled AMOs A436/37, A202/38, A296/38 and A360/38)


AMO A258/1941 (10 April 1941)

Identification of RAF Mechanical Transport

  1. In order that the military traffic control companies and the civil, RAF. and military police can easily identify RAF vehicles and thus facilitate movement control, it has been decided that all RAF vehicles, Works Directorate vehicles, and contractors' and Petroleum Board vehicles wholly employed on duties with the Royal Air Force, shall, forthwith, be marked with the RAF roundel.

  2. The diversity of types of vehicles now in use precludes a standard positioning and fitting of the roundel, but the following general principles are to be applied: -

    1. The roundel to be 9 in. diameter.

    2. The roundel to be displayed in one of the following ways: -

      1. Where vehicles have suitable wings, to be painted on the off-side front wing so as to be visible to traffic control, i.e. NOT on top of the wing.

      2. To be positioned on the off-side of the front of the vehicle and half-way between the top of the bonnet and the ground.

      The roundel, with suitable bracket, will be manufactured under local arrangements. Scrap metal should be utilised whenever possible.

    3. No vocabulary item will be supplied.

    4. All letters "RAF" now placed upon windscreens are to be removed.


AMO A397/1941 (29 May 1941)

Use of Distinguishing rags on RAF Staff Cars

  1. 1. It has been decided that the use of distinguishing flags in miniature on service motor cars will be limited to: -

    1. the Chief of the Air Staff, at all times;

    2. service members of the Air Council and Inspectors-General of the Royal Air Force, only when visiting RAF units;

    3. air officers in command of commands and groups, at all times.

  2. The flags are to be flown from a flagstaff mounted at the top of the near side front wing, with the exception that, in the case of the Chief of the Air Staff, the flag will be flown in a central position above the radiator.

  3. The use of distinguishing flags in miniature by officers other than those referred to in para 1 above is forbidden.

(AMO A284/38 cancelled.)


AMO A617/1941 (7 August 1941)

Identification of RAF Mechanical Transport

  1. In order that the military traffic control companies and the civil, military and RAF police can easily identify RAF vehicles and so facilitate movement control, it has been decided that all RAF vehicles, Works Directorate vehicles, and contractors' and Petroleum Board vehicles wholly employed on duties with the Royal Air Force in the United Kingdom, are to be marked with a RAP roundel, nine inches in diameter, and a code letter or number, five inches in height (3½ inches in the case of motor cycles), painted in white, indicating the command or, other formation, etc, to which they belong.

  2. The roundel - The diversity of types of vehicles now in use precludes a standard positioning and fitting of the roundel but one of the following methods of display is to be adopted :-

    1. Where vehicles have suitable wings, the roundel is to be painted on the off-side front wing so as to be clearly visible to traffic control, i.e. NOT on top of the wing.

    2. The roundel is to be positioned on the off-side of the front of the vehicle, half-way between the top of the bonnet and the ground.

  3. Code letters and numbers -

      1. Code letters have been allotted as follows: -

        Bomber Command B Technical Training Command H
        Fighter Command F  Works Directorate W
        Coastal Command C Contractors N
        Army Co-operation Command A Petroleum Board P
        Flying Training Command T Ministry of Aircraft Production Z
        Maintenance Command M No. 60 Group R
        Balloon Command K    

         

      2. MT companies operationally controlled by the Air Ministry (Movements 4) will display the number of the company instead of a letter

      1. In cases where the roundel is displayed as in para. 2 (i) above, the letter or number is to be painted on the wing, above the roundel.

      2. In cases where the roundel is fitted as in para. 2 (ii) above, the letter or number is to be dispiayed on the off-side wing so as to he clearly visible to traffic control.

    1. The letter is also to be displayed on the back of the vehicle in one of the following ways: -

      1. On passenger cars, coaches, vans, and other vehicles with permanent rear panels, the letter is to be painted between the centre line of the body and the near side at a height of three feet from the ground.  The position of the letter is normally to be midway between the centre line and the near-side but it may be painted closer to the near-side if it would otherwise be obscured by the spare wheel or other equipment.

      2. On high loading tenders, trucks, flat floats, articulators, trailers, etc., the letter is to be painted on a plate about 6 in. square which is to be fixed below the body, about 6 in. forward of the extreme end of the body.  The position, is to conform to the instructions given in sub-para. (a) above.

      3. On low loading articulators, trailers, etc., the letter is to be painted on the rear board. The position is to conform to the instructions given in sub-para (a) above.

      4. On motor cycles, the letter is to be painted on the rear mudguard and on side cars (passenger and box carrier) the letter is to be painted on the centre of the back panel.

  4. The roundel, with suitable mounting bracket, and the plate (where required), are to be manufactured under local arrangements.  Scrap metal is to be used where possible as vocabulary items will not be supplied for the purpose.

  5. It has been ascertained that certain RAP vehicles have been marked with the number of the unit to which they belong, while others, which were taken over from the military authorities, bear the word "Pass" both on the front and the back of the vehicle. All such markings are to be removed or obliterated forthwith as are also the letters "RAF" displayed on windscreens. Only markings authorized by the Air Ministry are to be carried.

(AMO A.268141 cancelled.)


AMO A618/1941 (7 August 1941), amended by AMO A684/41 (28 August 1941)

Camouflage of Mechanical Transport

  1. All RAF mechanical transport, including impressed vehicles but excluding vehicles hired locally, are to be camouflaged.

  2. This should be done by painting with khaki green, No 3, on top of which a disruptive pattern is to be painted with Nobels' tarmac green, No 4 or light green, No 5.

  3. A patch of gas detector paint, irregular in shape, approximately 36 square inches in area, is to be applied to each front mudguard, so placed if possible. as to be visible to the driver.

  4. Care should be taken not to obliterate the red cross on ambulances and to ensure that the roundel, the command identification letter ( AMO A617/41) and other markings authorised by the Air Minis remain perfectly clear and visible.

  5. This order does not apply to motor cars allotted to members of the Air Council, to AOCs-in-C and to AOCs or to Works department vehicles working on aerodromes.  These are the only vehicles exempt from the above instruction.  Should any of these have been camouflaged, however, they need not be restored to their former colour.

(AMO N629/41 cancelled.)


Marine Craft

AMWO 290/1929 (15 August 1929)

Paintwork of RAF Power-driven Marine Craft

  1. All RAF power-driven marine craft are in future to be painted as follows:-

    Hulls Black
    Upper deck woodwork at present painted, including hoods, dodgers, funnels, ventilators, masts etc. Battleship grey (Stores Ref 33B/40)
    Deckhouses and upper deck woodwork at present varnished. Copal varnish
    Water line Two-inch white band.
    Below water, line Solution, anti-fouling red (Stores Ref. 33A/249).
    Decks and rubbing strakes To be left bare
  2. The RAF identification marks of 12 in diameter are to be painted on the bows.

  3. Identification, numbers are to he painted in accordance with the instructions contained in KR & ACL para. 2020.

  4. The work of painting is to be carried out by unit labour and paint of the specified colours can be obtained on demand from No.3. Stores Depot.

  5. This order is applicable only to marine craft attached to Home and Mediterranean Commands.*

*Amended by AMWO 671/1929 (31 October 1929)


AMO A89/1935 (18 April 1935)

Marine Craft - Flying of Distinguishing Flags of Officers

  1. In future, distinguishing flags of RAF officers (a plate of which is given opposite page 98 of the Royal Air Force Pocket Book) will be flown in the bows of RAF marine craft carrying officers of air rank or officers in command, on ceremonial occasions, but not at other times.

  2. These flags will not be flown by officers holding Fleet Air Arm appointments.

  3. The necessary amendments to KR & ACI will be promulgated in due course.


AMO A1093/1941 (26 December 1941)

Distinctive Marking of Air/Sea Rescue Marine Craft

  1. Distinctive painting and additional numbering is required to be carried out on the following types of marine craft when employed solely on air/sea rescue duties: -

    1. 64 ft high speed launches

    2. 63 ft high speed launches

    3. 60 ft ASR pinnaces

    4. 41 ft 6 in seaplane tenders

    5. 40 ft seaplane tenders

    6. 38 ft seaplane tender

    7. 37 ft. 6 in seaplane tenders.

  2. The decks, wheelhouses and cabin roofs on the above-mentioned craft ere to be given three coats of yellow paint, Stores Ref. 33A/374, and all craft are to bear identification numbers in accordance with appendix I to this order.
    All deck numbering is to be carried out with three coats of black paint, Stores Ref. 33A/346, the figures being outlined with a one-inch margin painted with three coats of white paint, Stores Ref. 33A/370. Hull numbers are to he painted with three coats of yellow paint, Stores Ref. 33A/374, without white margin, the existing numbers being scraped off and the surface being made good with black paint.

  3. When continuity of the figures would otherwise be interrupted by deck fittings, e.g., lifebuoy, vents, etc., such fittings are to he so painted as to preserve continuity.

  4. Demands for paint are to be submitted to the appropriate maintenance unit, this order being quoted as the authority.

  5. The relevant air publications will be amended in due course.

APPENDIX I

SITING, ETC, OF IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS

Type of craft site Height of figure Width of figure Width of stroke Overall width of marking Remarks
    ft in ft in ft in ft in  
(i) 84 ft. high speed launch. Engine room hatch. 2 9 1 9   6 5 2 Numbers to run athwartships. (See appendix II, fig. 1.)
Foredeck 4 9 3 0   10 9 3
(ii) 63 ft. high speed launch. Foredeck 7 0 4 0   12 11 0 Number to run athwartships.  Base line of figures to lie between the two after ventilators, equally spaced about the centre line.
 
(iii) 60 ft. air/sea rescue pinnace After stretcher compartment cabin roof. 3 0 2 3   7 - Numbers to run athwarthhips.
 
Fore raised cabin roof 3 0 1 9   6 - On either side of forecastle hatch.
Bows, port and starboard, 1 ft. abaft the roundel 3 9 2 6   9 -
(iv) 41 ft. 6 in. Cabin roof. 3 1 2 10   8 10 3 Figures to before and aft on centre line. (See  Appendix II, fig. 3.)
See Appendix II, fig. 2.
Bows, port and starboard, 1 ft. abaft the roundel. 2 6 1 9   6

-

(v) 40 ft. and

(vi) 38 ft. seaplane tenders

Bows, port and starboard, 1 ft. abaft the roundel. 2 6 1 9   6 - See Appendix II, fig. 2.
(vii) 37 ft. 6 in. seaplane tender. Cabin roof. 2 1 1 9   6 7 3 Figures to before and aft on centre line. (See  Appendix II, fig. 3.)
See Appendix II, fig. 2.
Bows, port and starboard, 1 ft. abaft the roundel. 2 6 1 9   6

-

 

APPENDIX II


 


Equipment

AMO A619/1941 (7 August 1941)

Marking of Bomb Disposal Squad Equipment

  1. The equipment of bomb disposal squads in the Royal Air Force is to be distinguished by a system of colour marking.

  2. All bomb disposal equipment is to be painted with two red bands, one inch in width.  The bands are to be suitably spaced so that the number of the squad and the letters "BDS" may be painted between them.  The letters "RAF" are to be painted beneath the letters "BDS".  The size of the lettering is to be in proportion to the size of the item of equipment..

  3. Small objects, spanners, fuse and keys, etc, are to be stamped with the number of the squad and the letters " BDS" and "RAF".


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This entry was last updated on 16/06/25©

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